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RIPA裂解液(强)

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货号:AWB0136

价格: ¥85

规格: 50ml 100ml

  • 产品概述
  • RIPA裂解液()

    产品简介:

    多种成分均可以从细胞中提取出总蛋白,如Triton、SDS、NP-40等。RIPA裂解液(强)(Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer)是采用一种温和的裂解方法获得总蛋白的裂解液。所获得的蛋白质可以用于PAGE电泳,Western Blot,免疫沉淀(Immunol Precipitation,IP)和免疫共沉淀(co-IP)等。

    Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer主要由Tris-base、NaCl、Triton x-100、sodium deoxycholate等组成,用Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer得到的蛋白,可以用BCA蛋白定量试剂盒测定蛋白浓度。

    保存条件:

    -20℃保存,一年。

    操作步骤(仅供参考):

    (一) 贴壁培养细胞

    1、 取Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer置于室温溶解混匀,加入PMSF,使PMSF终浓度为1mM,或根据实验需要加入适当的蛋白酶磷酸酶抑制剂混合物。

    2、 去除贴壁细胞的培养液,用PBS、NS或无血清培养液清洗1次,低速离心,弃上清,留取沉淀。

    3、 按照6孔板每孔加入150~300μl Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer。移液器轻轻吹打,使裂解和细胞充分接触。置于冰上或4℃裂解,通常裂解液作用于细胞1~3s内,细胞就会被裂解。通常6孔板每孔细胞加入200μl裂解液已经足够,但如果细胞密度非常高可以适当加大裂解液的用量到250~300μl。一般细胞密度过大,RIPA Lysis Buffer裂解细胞溶液易呈胶状,需要适当增加裂解液或者延长裂解时间,超声破碎处理有利于细胞充分裂解完全。加入RIPA后,充分裂解的细胞,没有细胞沉淀,很粘稠。如果像浑浊的水一样粘性很小则可能是裂解液得量加太多导致的;相反,如果RIPA裂解液后出现胶状物体,离心不能沉淀则可能是蛋白太多,RIPA裂解液加入的量太少导致的。

    4、 10000~12000g,4℃离心5~10min(如无低温离心机,室温下离心亦可),取上清。

    5、 后续的SDS-PAGE、Western Blot、免疫沉淀和免疫共沉淀等操作。

    (二) 悬浮培养细胞

    1、 取Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer置室温溶解混匀后,加入PMSF,使PMSF终浓度为1mM,或根据实验需要加入适当的蛋白酶磷酸酶抑制剂混合物。

    2、 低速离心悬浮细胞,弃上清,收集沉淀。

    3、 用手指轻弹细胞,使其松散。按照6孔板每孔细胞加入150~200μl Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer。通常6孔板每孔细胞加入200μl裂解液已经足够,但如果细胞密度非常高可以适当加大裂解液的用量250~300μl,再用手指轻弹以充分裂解细胞。充分裂解后应没有明显的细胞沉淀。一般细胞密度过大,RIPA Lysis Buffer裂解细胞溶液易呈胶状,需要适当增加裂解液或者延长裂解时间,超声破碎处理有利于细胞充分裂解完全。加入RIPA后,充分裂解的细胞,没有细胞沉淀,很粘稠。如果像浑浊的水一样粘性很小则可能是裂解液得量加太多导致的;相反,如果RIPA裂解液后出现胶状物体,离心不能沉淀则可能是蛋白太多,RIPA裂解液加入的量太少导致的。

    4、 10000-12000g,4℃离心5~10min(如无低温离心机,室温下离心亦可),取上清。

    5、 进行后续的SDS~PAGE、Western Blot、免疫沉淀和免疫共沉淀等操作。

    (三) 组织样本

    1、 取Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer置于室温溶解混匀,加入PMSF,使PMSF终浓度为1mM,或根据实验需要加入适当的蛋白酶磷酸酶抑制剂混合物。

    2、 把组织剪切成细小的碎片,越小越好。

    3、 取在液氮或超低温冰箱中冷冻30min以上的组织,迅速用液氮研磨,研磨过程尽量控制在1~2min之内,以减少蛋白的降解。

    4、 按照每20mg组织加入150~250μl裂解液的比例,加入裂解液。冰上或4℃裂解15~30min。10000~12000g,4℃离心5~10min(如无低温离心机,室温下离心亦可),取上清。

    5、 步骤3、4亦可以采用如下过程:按照每20mg组织加入150~250μl裂解液的比例,加入Strong RIPA Lysis Buffer。用玻璃匀浆器或组织研磨器匀浆,直至充分裂解,过程尽量控制在1~2min之内,心减少蛋白的降解。

    6、 10000~12000g,4℃离心5~10min(如无低温离心机,室温下离心亦可),取上清。

    7、 进行后续的SDS-PAGE、Western Blot、免疫沉淀和免疫共沉淀等操作。

    注意事项:

    1、 去除贴壁细胞的培养液后,如果血清中的蛋白没有干扰,可以不用清洗。

    2、 如果裂解不充分可以适当增加裂解液的用量,如果需要高浓度的蛋白样品,可以适当减少裂解液的用量。

    3、 如果细胞量较多,必需分装成50~100万细胞/离心管,然后再裂解。大团的细胞较难裂解充分,而少量的细胞由于裂解液容易和细胞充分接触,相对比较容易裂解充分。

    4、 如果组织样品本身非常细小,可以适当剪切片直接加入裂解液裂解,通过强烈Vortex使样品裂解充分。然后同样离心取上清,用于后续实验。直接裂解的优点是比较方便,不必使用匀浆器,缺点是不如使用匀浆器那样裂解得比较充分。

    5、 溶解RIPA Lysis Buffer时,应尽量缩短溶解时间,避免裂解液中的有效成分失效。

    6、 裂解产物中经常会出现一小团透明胶状物,属正常现象。该透明胶状物为含有基因组DNA等的复合物。在不检测和基因组DNA结合特别紧密的蛋白的情况下,可以直接离心取上清用于后续实验;如果需要检测和基因组结合特别紧密的蛋白,则可以通过超声处理打碎打散该透明胶状物,随后离心取上清用于后续实验。如果检测一些常见的转录因子,例如NF-KB、P53等时,通常不必进行超声处理,就可以检测到这些转录因子。

    7、 细胞裂解的操作步骤,应置于冰上或4℃进行。

    8、 为了您的安全和健康,请穿好实验服并佩戴一次性手套和口罩操作。

    9、 本产品仅限于专业人员的科学研究用,不得用于临床诊断或治疗,不得用于食品或药品,不得存放于普通住宅内。

    注意:

    1.本产品仅供科研使用。请勿用于医药、临床诊断或治疗。食品及化妆品等用途。请勿存放于普通住宅区。

    2.为了您的安全和健康,请穿好实验服并佩戴一次性手套和口罩操作。

    3.实验结果可由多种因素影响,相关处理只限于产品本身,不涉及其他赔偿。


    参考文献 (249)

    Nature Communications IF:15.7

    Target identification in natural products plays a critical role in the development of innovative drugs. Bufalin, a compound derived from traditional medicines, has shown promising anti-cancer activity; however, its precise molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we employ artificial intelligence, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Bufalin. Using an integrated multi-predictive strategy, we identify CYP17A1, ESR1, mTOR, AR, and PRKCD as the potential targets of Bufalin. Subsequent validation via surface plasmon resonance, biotin pulldown, and thermal shift assays confirms Bufalin’s direct binding to ESR1, which encodes estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Molecular docking analyses pinpoint Bufalin’s selective interaction with Arg394 on ERα. Molecular dynamic simulations further show that Bufalin acts as a molecular glue, enhancing the interaction between ERα and the E3 ligase STUB1, thereby promoting proteasomal degradation of ERα. Given the therapeutic potential of ERα degradation in overcoming endocrine resistance, we investigate the inhibitory effect of Bufalin on endocrine-resistant models and prove Bufalin reverses Tamoxifen resistance in vitro, in vivo, and in patient-derived breast cancer organoids from tamoxifen-relapsed cases. Collectively, our findings indicate that Bufalin functions as a molecular glue to degrade ERα, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for reversing Tamoxifen resistance.

    Advanced Science IF:14.1

    Secondary pneumonia, a common complication of sepsis-induced immunosuppression (SII), is closely linked to alveolar macrophage (AM) dysfunction primarily due to impaired glycolytic activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, it is found that exosomal RNA component of the mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (Rmrp), derived from type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC-IIs), drives glycolytic defects and immune tolerance in AMs following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis. Targeted depletion of Rmrp in either AEC-IIs or AMs alleviated SII and secondary pneumonia induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection 48 h post CLP. Mechanistically, Rmrp interacts with and inhibits the ubiquitination and degradation of the RNA-binding protein zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36). This results in ZFP36 upregulation, subsequently accelerating the decay of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (Pfkfb3 ) mRNA by binding to its AU-rich elements in the 3′ untranslated region. The degradation of Pfkfb3 mRNA leads to impaired glycolysis and suppresses immune responses in AMs after sepsis. Additionally, it is found that exosomal Rmrp levels are correlated with AM immune tolerance and the prognosis of patients with sepsis. These findings highlight the critical role of AEC-II-derived exosomal Rmrp in the pathogenesis of SII and secondary pneumonia. Importantly, the study suggests that exosomal Rmrp may serve as a biomarker for predicting and managing SII in clinical settings.

    Journal of Advanced Research IF:13

    Introduction Human beings and animals have been exposed to long-term artificial lighting environments to induce glucose metabolism disorder. Melatonin (MT) is involved in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism, and can prevent skeletal muscle wasting as well as sarcopenia-associated diseases. However, the effect of exogenous MT on skeletal muscle glucose metabolism and the involvement of the parasympathetic pathway have not been clarified. Objectives: To investigate the role of parasympathetic regulatory pathway in the mediating the effects of exogenous MT on skeletal muscle glucose metabolism following long-term light exposure. Methods: This study established rapid growth period broiler models, while characterized muscle histological analysis, glucose metabolism indexes and related genes expression through parasympathetic activation, exogenous MT administration and exogenous MT with parasympathetic inhibition experiments. Results: Long-term light exposure inhibited muscle glycogen synthesis, promoted muscle glycogen decomposition, increased anaerobic glycolysis, decreased aerobic respiration and induced the injury in breast muscle. Parasympathetic activation and exogenous MT caused a marked improvement in muscle glycogen accumulation, aerobic glycolysis and the injury in breast muscle. The exogenous MT beneficial functions were alleviated by parasympathetic inhibition. Furthermore, parasympathetic activation and exogenous MT administration protected cecal microbiota homeostasis, by improving stability of the gut microbiota community and increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus . Lactobacillus abundance was positively associated with muscle glycogen accumulation. Conclusion: Taken together, this study highlighted the role of the novel parasympathetic regulatory pathway in the effects of exogenous MT in maintaining glucose metabolism homeostasis and restoring the damage in skeletal muscle with long-term light exposure. The results indicate that gut microbiota are involved in the MT-parasympathetic regulatory network. This study filles the gap in autonomic nervous-endocrine regulation under long light exposure, and provides a new insight to alleviate long light exposure-induced glucose metabolism disorders to improve the growth and health of humans and animals.

    CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION IF:12.3

    Background Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is a life-threatening disease and lacks effective treatments. Previous studies have confirmed that metabolic profiles altered after ischemic stroke, but how brain metabolism changes after HICH was unclear. This study aimed to explore the metabolic profiles after HICH and the therapeutic effects of soyasaponin I on HICH.Methods HICH model was established first. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to estimate the pathological changes after HICH. Western blot and Evans blue extravasation assay were applied to determine the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). Next, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-untargeted metabolomics was utilized to analyze the metabolic profiles of brain tissues after HICH. Finally, soyasaponin I was administered to HICH rats, and the severity of HICH and activation of the RAAS were further assessed.Results We successfully constructed HICH model. HICH significantly impaired BBB integrity and activated RAAS. HICH increased PE(14:0/24:1(15Z)), arachidonoyl serinol, PS(18:0/22:6(4Z, 7Z, 10Z, 13Z, 16Z, and 19Z)), PS(20:1(11Z)/20:5(5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 14Z, and 17Z)), glucose 1-phosphate, etc., in the brain, whereas decreased creatine, tripamide, D-N-(carboxyacetyl)alanine, N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartylglutamic acid, and so on in the hemorrhagic hemisphere. Cerebral soyasaponin I was found to be downregulated after HICH and supplementation of soyasaponin I inactivated the RAAS and alleviated HICH.Conclusion The metabolic profiles of the brains changed after HICH. Soyasaponin I alleviated HICH via inhibiting the RAAS and may serve as an effective drug for the treatment of HICH in the future.

    Cell Death & Disease IF:9.6

    Ovarian cancer (OC) is often detected at an advanced stage and has a high recurrence rate after surgery or chemotherapy. Thus, it is essential to develop new strategies for OC treatment. This study tended to investigate the effects of endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) in OC. The impact of ESM1 on lipid metabolism was investigated through the regulation of ESM1 expression. Differential genes regulated by ESM1 were screened by mRNA sequencing. The role of autophagy in ESM1 regulation on lipid metabolism was explored using autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Co-IP, dual-luciferase reporter assay, actinomycin D treatment assay, and others were used to analyze the mechanism of ESM1 regulation on lipid metabolism. The xenograft mouse model was constructed to explore the impact of ESM1 regulation on OC development. The regulatory mechanism of ESM1 in OC patient samples was verified by using microarray analysis and the Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. After ESM1 silencing, cholesterol synthesis decreased and lipolysis increased. mRNA sequencing revealed that ESM1 regulation on lipid metabolism was related to Beclin 1 (BECN1). In vitro experiments, ESM1 inhibited lipolysis by suppressing BECN1-mediated autophagy. BECN1 expression was regulated by the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 10 (KLF10). The competitive binding between BECN1 and HSPA5 promoted the ubiquitination degradation of HMGCR, thereby inhibiting cholesterol production. The intervention experiment with exogenous cholesterol showed a positive correlation between m6A reader IGF2BP3 expression and cholesterol content. Mechanistically, IGF2BP3 regulated the stability of ESM1 mRNA. In vivo experiments, ESM1 modified by m6A methylation promoted cholesterol synthesis and inhibited lipolysis. High expression of ESM1 predicted poor prognosis in OC patients. ESM1 regulated lipid metabolism through IGF2BP3/ESM1/KLF10/BECN1 positive feedback, which was a promising target for OC treatment.

    Cell Death & Disease IF:9

    Pathogenesis exploration and timely intervention of lung injury is quite necessary as it has harmed human health worldwide for years. Ficolin B (Fcn B) is a recognition molecule that can recognize a variety of ligands and play an important role in mediating the cell cycle, immune response, and tissue homeostasis in the lung. However, the role of Fcn B in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury is obscure. This study aims to investigate the sources of Fcn B and its mechanism in BLM-induced lung injury. WT, Fcna -/- , and Fcnb -/- mice were selected to construct the BLM-induced lung injury model. Lung epithelial cells were utilized to construct the BLM-induced cell model. Exosomes that were secreted from alveolar macrophages (AMs) were applied for intervention by transporting Fcn B. Clinical data suggested M-ficolin (homologous of Fcn B) was raised in plasma of interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. In the mouse model, macrophage-derived Fcn B aggravated BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis. Fcn B further promoted the development of autophagy and ferroptosis. Remarkably, cell experiment results revealed that Fcn B transported by BLM-induced AMs exosomes accelerated autophagy and ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells through the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. In contrast, the application of 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) reversed the promotion effect of Fcn B from BLM-induced AMs exosomes on lung epithelial cell damage by inhibiting autophagy-dependent ferroptosis. Meanwhile, in the BLM-induced mice model, the intervention of Fcn B secreted from BLM-induced AMs exosomes facilitated lung injury and fibrosis via ferroptosis. In summary, this study demonstrated that Fcn B transported by exosomes from AMs exacerbated BLM-induced lung injury by promoting lung epithelial cells ferroptosis through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.

    FOOD CHEMISTRY IF:8.5

    Catechins, among the most active components in tea, effectively alleviate obesity. Catechins are primarily classified into four types based on the presence or absence of the C-3 galloyl group and the B-5′ hydroxyl group. However, the impact of conformation on the anti-obesity properties of catechins remains unclear. Findings indicate that the C-3 galloyl group and the B-5′ hydroxyl group significantly enhance the biological activity of catechins, aiding in obesity alleviation, regulating glycolipid metabolism, reducing hepatic steatosis, lowering serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and promoting the proliferation of Akkermansia muciniphila . Further investigation revealed that Akkermansia muciniphila may modulate LPS/insulin resistance to protect glycolipid metabolic homeostasis, attenuate liver tissue damage, and promote catechin metabolism to generate new bioactive components. Overall, the C-3 galloyl group and the B-5′ hydroxyl group may modulate the gut–liver axis through the bidirectional interplay between catechins and Akkermansia muciniphila , thereby enhancing the anti-obesity activity of catechins.

    FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE IF:8.2

    Skeletal muscle atrophy, a debilitating complication of COPD, is closely linked to cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. The epigenetic regulator HDAC2 has been implicated, but the upstream regulatory mechanisms and precise downstream pathways are unclear. Using a CS-induced mouse atrophy model and C2C12 myotubes treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE), we systematically investigated the role of USP47/HDAC2/CYP1A1/ROS axis through gain/loss-of-function studies, RNA-seq, ChIP-qPCR, co-immunoprecipitation, and ubiquitination assays. HDAC2 was downregulated in atrophic muscle, and its overexpression mitigated CS-induced atrophy, improved grip strength, and enhanced muscle regeneration. HDAC2 acted as a transcriptional repressor of CYP1A1 by deacetylating H3K9 and H3K27 at the promoter, thus curtailing ROS-driven excessive autophagy. We further discovered that the deubiquitinase USP47 is the key upstream regulator of HDAC2. USP47 directly interacted with HDAC2, promoted its deubiquitination, and enhanced its protein stability. Consequently, USP47 overexpression phenocopied the benefits of HDAC2 overexpression, which were effectively nullified by restoring CYP1A1 expression. In conclusion, we delineate a previously unrecognized signaling axis wherein USP47 stabilizes HDAC2 to inhibit the CYP1A1/ROS/autophagy cascade, ultimately protecting against CS-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Targeting the USP47-HDAC2 interface presents a novel therapeutic strategy for combating muscle wasting in COPD.

    FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE IF:8.2

    Mounting evidence highlights preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis involves gut microbiota dysregulation and trophoblast ferroptosis. However, the mechanistic nexus bridging intestinal homeostasis and placental ferroptosis remains elusive. Here, we found that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ( F. prausnitzii ) reduced blood pressure (SBP/DBP), proteinuria, and levels of anti-angiogenic (sFlt-1) and pro-inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α) mediators in PE rats established using reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery. Critically, F. prausnitzii elevated fetal survival rate, increased fetal length and weight, and restored placental length and weight. Moreover, F. prausnitzii restored intestinal barrier function (upregulated claudin-1, occludin, ZO-1/2). In both PE rats' placentas and hypoxia-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells, F. prausnitzii reduced ferroptosis markers (MDA, Fe 2+ , 8-OHdG, lipid ROS), while increasing GSH, GPX4, and SLC7A11 levels. Mechanistically, F. prausnitzii facilitated the transfer of intestinal-epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the placenta and alleviated PE symptoms, by delivering NRP1 to inhibit trophoblast cell ferroptosis. Molecularly, NRP1 activates SLC7A11 both by directly binding to it and by stabilizing its mRNA via NSUN2-mediated m 5 C methylation. These findings demonstrate that F. prausnitzii alleviates PE by transporting EVs-encapsulated NRP1 through the gut-placenta axis, which in turn modulates the NSUN2/SLC7A11 pathway to suppress trophoblast ferroptosis. Our findings identify NRP1 as a core mediator of EV-dependent ferroptosis inhibition and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the gut microbiota or the NRP1/NSUN2/SLC7A11 axis for PE treatment.

    FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL IF:8

    Gastrodia elata BI., which is an edible plant, has been reported in previous studies to possess a strong capacity for alleviating the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study focuses on ginger-processed and fermented Gastrodia elata BI. (FGGE) to investigate its effects on behaviour, brain neuroregulation, and the gut microbiota in an AlCl 3 -induced AD rat model, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Results indicate that FGGE significantly improved novel object recognition and the correct alternation rate in the Y-maze test for AD rats. In addition, FGGE alleviated brain oxidative stress and restored the anti-inflammatory response, cholinergic function, and tissue morphology in the hippocampus. Furthermore, FGGE activated the cAMP response element–binding protein/brain-derived neurotrophic factor signalling pathway, reversing neural network abnormalities and enhancing neural regulation. FGGE also promoted the proliferation of bacteria negatively associated with AD, such as Methanosphaera and Lactobacillus , thereby restoring gut microbiota balance. The mechanisms by which FGGE alleviates AD may involve the modulation of the gut-brain axis, ultimately mitigating AD symptoms. FGGE represents an innovative functional food with significant therapeutic potential and promising application prospects.

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